May 2025
Original Research
Maternal absence in the neonatal intensive care unit during the pandemic: Can maternal scent mimic kangaroo mother care for preterm infants?
Maternal scent vs. Kmc in nicu during pandemic
Alev Sivasli 1, Zerrin Çiğdem 2, Ercan Sivasli 3
1 Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Istanbul Nişantaşı University, Istanbul, 2 Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Topkapı University, Istanbul, 3 Department of Pediatrics, Anka Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkiye
DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.10109 Received: 2025-02-06 Accepted: 2025-04-02 Published Online: 2025-04-16 Printed Online: 2025-05-01 Eu Clin Anal Med 2025;13(2):22-27
Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of maternal scent (MS) in reducing stress levels in preterm infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) during restricted maternal visitation and compare its impact with Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC).
Material and Methods: A total of 135 preterm infants born between 28–37 weeks of gestation, with a birth weight of 1000–2500 grams, and a 1-minute APGAR score of ≥7 were included. Infants were randomized into three groups: The Control Group was standard care without maternal contact. The MS Group was exposure to maternal scent through the mother’s undershirt for 15 days. The KMC Group was Daily Kangaroo Mother Care for 60 minutes for 15 days. Primary outcomes included serum cortisol levels, oxygen saturation, heart rate, respiratory rate, and COMFORT scores measured at baseline (Day 7) and post-intervention (Day 15).
Results: On Day 15, significant differences were observed among the groups (p<0.01). The KMC group demonstrated the greatest improvements in oxygen saturation (96.87 ± 1.34), heart rate (144.23 ± 4.01 bpm), respiratory rate (42.12 ± 2.74 breaths/min), serum cortisol levels (9.87 ± 1.78 μg/dL), and COMFORT scores (12.45 ± 2.08). The MS group also showed significant improvements compared to the control group but to a lesser extent (p<0.05). The control group displayed minimal changes across all parameters.
Discussion: KMC remains the most effective intervention for reducing stress in preterm infants in the NICU. However, maternal scent exposure serves as a viable alternative to KMC when direct maternal contact is not feasible, providing significant reductions in stress markers and improving physiological stability.
Keywords: Preterm Infants, Maternal Scent, Kangaroo Mother Care, Stress, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Corresponding Author: Alev Sivasli, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Istanbul Nişantaşı University, Istanbul, Turkiye. • E-Mail: aesivasli@gmail.com • P: +90 534 342 00 27 • Corresponding Author ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0747-2698
Other Authors ORCID ID: Zerrin Cigdem, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2527-5700 . Ercan Sivasli, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9719-9906
This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Sanko University (Date: 2020-01-15, No: 2020/15)
How to cite this article: Alev Sivasli, Zerrin Çiğdem, Ercan Sivasli. Maternal absence in the neonatal intensive care unit during the pandemic: Can maternal scent mimic kangaroo mother care for preterm ınfants?. Eu Clin Anal Med 2025;13(2):22-27
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of the license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Our results of the single anterior portal bankart repair in patients developing anterior shoulder instability with trauma
Bankart repair in anterior shoulder instability
Ramazan Parildar 1, Mehmet Yilmaz 2, Burcin Karsli 3
1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gaziantep 25 December State Hospital, 2 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Gaziantep Islamic Science and Technology University, 3 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkiye
DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.10110 Received: 2025-02-06 Accepted: 2025-04-02 Published Online: 2025-04-22 Printed Online: Eu Clin Anal Med 2025;13(2):28-32
Corresponding Author: Mehmet Yilmaz, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Gaziantep Islamic Science and Technology University, Gaziantep, Turkiye. • E-Mail: doctor_yilmaz@hotmail.com • P: +90 532 577 23 76 • Corresponding Author ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1366-9163
Other Authors ORCID ID: Ramazan Parildar, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8888-4642 • Burcin Karsli, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8965-0496
Aim: Arthroscopic Bankart repair, a standard treatment for anterior glenoid labrum injuries caused by traumatic shoulder dislocation, is typically performed using two or more portals. This study presents outcomes of a single anterior portal technique.
Material and Methods: Between 2014 and 2018, 53 patients (49 males, 4 females) with 54 shoulders underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair by a single surgeon. Patients with bone defects exceeding 25% glenoid bone loss or non-traumatic dislocations, including habitual and atraumatic instability, were excluded. Preoperatively, all patients underwent instability tests, X-rays, and MRI. Surgery was performed under general anesthesia in the lateral decubitus position, using a posterior portal for glenoid access. After four weeks of immobilization, all patients followed a rehabilitation program.
Results: The mean patient age was 28 years (range: 16–66), with a mean follow-up of 26 months (range: 9–60). The lesion was on the right side in 34 patients and left side in 20 patients. The mean time from first dislocation to surgery was 45.8 months (range: 1–288), and the mean number of preoperative dislocations was 17.5 (range: 1–60). The mean number of anchors used was 3 (range: 1–5), and the average surgery duration was 44.6 minutes (range: 32–70). Postoperatively, three patients had a positive apprehension test, but no recurrent dislocations or reductions were required. The mean Rowe score improved from 12.4 ± 9.04 to 93.1 ± 8.40 (p=0.001), and the mean Oxford score from 18.8 ± 8.67 to 45.7 ± 3.55 (p=0.001).
Discussion: The single-portal technique is a cost-effective, less invasive alternative with a shorter learning curve compared to multi-portal techniques. Studies have reported that multi-portal approaches, while widely used, may result in increased surgical time and morbidity. In contrast, the single-portal method minimizes soft tissue disruption and offers comparable clinical outcomes with a lower complication rate, making it a favorable option for surgeons and patients.
Keywords: Arthroscopic Bankart Repair, Anterior Shoulder Dislocation, Rowe Score, Oxford Score
This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Gaziantep University (Date: 2018-01-15, No: 2018/01)
How to cite this article: Ramazan Parildar, Mehmet Yilmaz, Burcin Karsli. Our results of the single anterior portal bankart repair in patients developing anterior shoulder ınstability with trauma. Eu Clin Anal Med 2025;13(2):28-32
The effects of parental attitudes on the behavior of 48–69-month-old children: A comparison between typically developing children and children with special needs
The effect of parental attitudes on child behavior
Beril Bensu Dilekci 1, Oğuzhan Kılınçel 2
1 Department of Child Development, Institute of Health Sciences, 2 Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul, Turkey
DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.10118 Received: 2025-03-16 Accepted: 2025-04-30 Published Online: 2025-04-30 Printed Online: 2025-05-01 Eu Clin Anal Med 2025;13(2):33-38
Corresponding Author: Beril Bensu Di̇lekci, Department of Child Development, Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey. • E-Mail: berilbensudilekci@gmail.com • P: +90 530 551 06 50 • Corresponding Author ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1959-0206
Other Authors ORCID ID: Oğuzhan Kılınçel, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2988-4631
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of parental attitudes on the social and behavioral development of typically developing children and children with special needs aged 48–69 months. Additionally, it sought to compare parenting styles between both groups and examine their predictive role in social skills and behavioral problems.
Material and Methods: The study utilized a quantitative, relational survey model. The sample consisted of 302 children (151 typically developing, 151 with special needs) and their parents. Data were collected using the Parental Attitude Scale, the Preschool and Kindergarten Behavior Scale, and a Sociodemographic Form. The data were analyzed using independent samples t-tests, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis.
Results: No significant differences were found between the groups in democratic, authoritarian, and permissive parenting styles (p >0.05). However, parents of children with special needs exhibited significantly higher overprotective parenting scores (p<0.05). Typically developing children scored significantly higher in total social skills as well as across all subdimensions, including social cooperation, social interaction, and social independence (p<0.05), whereas no significant differences were observed in behavioral problems (p > .05). Regression analyses revealed that democratic parenting positively predicted social skills behaviors, whereas authoritarian parenting negatively predicted them. Additionally, authoritarian and overprotective parenting styles positively predicted behavioral problems (p <0.05).
Discussion: The findings highlight the significant role of parenting styles in shaping children’s social and behavioral development. Overprotective parenting was particularly prevalent among parents of children with special needs. These results emphasize the importance of positive parenting strategies in promoting social competence and minimizing behavioral issues. Future research should explore additional contextual factors influencing parenting and child development.
Keywords: Parental Attitudes, Parenting Styles, Social Skills, Behavioral Problems, Typically Developing Children, Children with Special Needs, Early Childhood Development, Early Childhood Education, Parental Influence
This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Istanbul Gelisim University Non-Interventional Clinical Research (Date: 2024-06-14, No: 2025/09)
How to cite this article: Beril Bensu Dilekci, Oğuzhan Kılınçel. The effects of parental attitudes on the behavior of 48–69-month-old children: A comparison between typically developing children and children with special needs. Eu Clin Anal Med 2025;13(2):33-38
Intramedullary nailing outcomes in open fractures due to firearm injuries
Nailing in open fracture
Namık Kemal Kılınçcıoğlu 1, Volkan Kızılkaya 2, Mehmet Menken 3, Vedat Uruc 4, Yunus Dogramacı 1
1 Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, 2 Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Sanliurfa Private Metrolife Hospital, Sanliurfa, 3 Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Hatay State Hospital, Hatay, 4 Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical Palace Hospital, Kayseri, Turkiye
DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.10119 Received: 2025-03-17 Accepted: 2025-04-24 Published Online: 2025-04-30 Printed Online: 2025-05-01 Eu Clin Anal Med 2025;13(2):39-43
Corresponding Author: Volkan Kizilkaya, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Sanliurfa Private Metrolife Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkiye. • E-Mail: volkan_kizilkaya@hotmail.com • P: +90 530 274 27 49 • Corresponding Author ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7472-3303
Other Authors ORCID ID: Namik Kemal Kilinçcioğlu, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2920-769X • Mehmet Menken, https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1061-9444 . Vedat Uruc, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6592-7777 • Yunus Dogramaci, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4490-9334
Aim: This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of intramedullary nailing (IMN) in open fractures due to firearm injuries and analyze differences in healing time, infection rates, and hospital stay durations among femur, tibia, and humerus fractures.
Material and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 89 patients treated with IMN for open fractures caused by firearm injuries. Patients were classified by the affected bone, and variables including healing time, nonunion, infection rates, and hospital stay were assessed.
Results: The mean healing time was 19 weeks for femur fractures, 22 weeks for tibia fractures, and 10.1 weeks for humerus fractures. Tibia fractures had the highest infection rate (17.6%), followed by the humerus (14.3%) and femur fractures (10.4%). Nonunion was observed in 3 femur and 3 tibia cases, while humerus fractures had no nonunion. Patients with tibia fractures also had the longest mean hospital stay.
Discussion: Intramedullary nailing (IMN) is an effective treatment for gunshot-induced fractures, particularly for femoral and humeral fractures. Our study showed similar union times to previous studies, though high-velocity injuries were linked to higher delayed union and infection rates. Tibial fractures, more prone to infection, showed lower delayed union rates, possibly due to unreamed IMN. However, infection remains a significant concern, especially in war-related injuries. In conclusion, while IMN offers favorable outcomes for gunshot fractures, high infection rates in high-velocity injuries underscore the need for further research to refine treatment strategies, especially for severe fractures.
Keywords: Firearm Injury, Open Fracture, Intramedullary Nail, Internal Fixation
This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Mustafa Kemal University (Date: 2020-11-12, No: 19)
How to cite this article: Namık Kemal Kılınçcıoğlu, Volkan Kızılkaya, Mehmet Menken, Vedat Uruc, Yunus Dogramacı. Intramedullary nailing outcomes in open fractures due to firearm injuries. Eu Clin Anal Med 2025;13(2):39-43
Evaluation of the e-nabız application usage characteristics and E-health literacy levels of individuals applying to the hospital
Patient evaluation in family medicine centers
Seda Kahraman 1, Selma Pekgör 2, Hayriye Şentürk 3
1 Department of Family Medicine, Gölköy Community Health Center, Ordu, 2 Department of Family Medicine, Konya City Hospital, Konya, 3 Department of Family Medicine, Özcan Çalıkuşu Family Health Center, Konya, Turkiye
DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.10120 Received: 2025-04-01 Accepted: 2025-04-24 Published Online: 2025-04-30 Printed Online: 2025-05-01 Eu Clin Anal Med 2025;13(2):44-48
Corresponding Author: Hayriye Şentürk, Department of Family Medicine, Özcan Çalıkuşu Family Health Center, Konya, Turkiye. • E-Mail: hyrybulbul@hotmail.com • P: +90 554 632 61 44 • Corresponding Author ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5612-9300
Other Authors ORCID ID: Seda Kahraman, https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7682-7158 • Selma Pekgör, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9907-1842
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate e-Nabız usage characteristics, e-health literacy levels, and influencing factors among individuals applying to the hospital.
Material and Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study included 410 individuals aged 18–70 who visited the outpatient clinics of Konya City Hospital. Data were collected using a 31-item questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics and e-Nabız usage, along with a 10-item e-Health Literacy Scale (EHLS). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 22.0.
Results: The mean age of participants was 39.43 ± 12.52 years. The mean EHLS score was 26.88 ± 7.35, and the mean e-Nabız knowledge score was 45.75 ± 8.8. Higher e-health literacy was observed among younger (p < 0.001), single (p < 0.001), employed (p < 0.001), and more educated individuals (p < 0.001). Participants aware of (p < 0.001) and using (p < 0.001) e-Nabız had significantly higher e-health literacy. E-Nabız usage was higher among younger (p < 0.001), more educated (p < 0.001), employed (p < 0.001), and chronically healthy individuals (p = 0.009). Those perceiving e-Nabız as secure were likelier to use it (p < 0.001). E-Nabız knowledge correlated positively with e-health literacy (r = 0.220, p < 0.001), while age showed a negative correlation with e-health literacy (r = -0.240, p < 0.001).
Discussion: With increasing digitalization in healthcare, proper e-Nabız usage and e-health literacy are vital. Higher e-health literacy was associated with greater e-Nabız usage, while older individuals and those doubting its security used it less. Promoting community awareness and developing user-friendly digital platforms for older adults could improve e-Nabız accessibility and comprehension.
Keywords: Delivery Of Health Care, Health Literacy, Ambulatory Care Facilities
This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hamidiye Scientific Research (Date: 2023-08-23, No: 23/451)
How to cite this article: Seda Kahraman, Selma Pekgör, Hayriye Şentürk. Evaluation of the e-nabız application usage characteristics and e-health literacy levels of individuals applying to the hospital. Eu Clin Anal Med 2025;13(2):44-48
Case Report
Severe abdominal pain in the emergency department: A case of diabetic gastroparesis
Diabetic gastroparesis: A case presentation
Hayriye Şentürk 1, Mustafa Şentürk 2
1 Department of Family Medicine, Özcan Çalıkuşu Family Health Center, 2 Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkiye
DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.10112 Received: 2025-02-19 Accepted: 2025-04-16 Published Online: 2025-04-28 Printed Online: 2025-05-01 Eu Clin Anal Med 2025;13(2):49-51
Corresponding Author: Mustafa Şentürk, Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkiye. • E-Mail: m-sntrk@hotmail.com • P: +90 536 202 94 99 • Corresponding Author ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3230-1743
Other Authors ORCID ID: Hayriye Şentürk, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5612-9300
Diabetic gastroparesis is a form of autonomic neuropathy, which is one of the complications of diabetes. Although not frequently seen, it is a significant condition that severely impacts the quality of life. The variety and severity of symptoms can differ from patient to patient, and the response to treatment may also vary. In particular, in elderly patients, those with long-standing diabetes, and those with inadequate glycemic control, symptoms such as weight loss, anorexia, early satiety, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting should raise suspicion for gastroparesis. In this article, we present a case of a 64-year-old patient with type 2 diabetes whose underlying cause of severe abdominal pain was diabetic gastroparesis.
Keywords: Diabetic Gastroparesis, Complication, Abdominal Pain
How to cite this article: Hayriye Şentürk. Severe abdominal pain in the emergency department: A case of diabetic gastroparesis. Eu Clin Anal Med 2025;13(2):49-51
Review Article
Mechanism of cardiac damage: Ischemia-reperfusion injury
Ischemia-reperfusion
Yasemin Hacanlı
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.10108 Received: 2025-01-04 Accepted: 2025-01-14 Published Online: 2025-04-18 Printed Online: 2025-05-01 Eu Clin Anal Med 2025;13(2):52-54
Corresponding Author: Yasemin Hacanlı, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey. E-Mail: yaseminhacan@hotmail.com • P: +90 506 700 27 00 • Corresponding Author ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4427-8149
If the blood flow slows down and the tissues and organs cannot be delivered the oxygen they need, the lack of sufficient oxygen level is called ischemia, and the restoration of blood flow to tissues and organs is called reperfusion. The damage that occurs after ischemia-reperfusion is called ischemia-reperfusion injury. The complexity of the mechanisms that cause ischemia-reperfusion injury prevents the complete elucidation of this mechanism. Ischemic conditions may lead to irreversible consequences such as cerebral infarction and myocardial infarction. Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury is a pathogenic mechanism of heart failure and myocardial infarction and is a major health problem worldwide. Several important pathological processes are involved in ischemia-reperfusion injury, including oxidative stress, programmed cell death (ferroptosis, apoptosis, necrosis), fibrosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and inflammatory response. Many studies have been conducted to clarify the mechanisms and treatment modalities involved in ischemia-reperfusion injury. This is because ischemia-reperfusion injury is one of the leading causes of death, similar to myocardial infarction, peripheral vascular diseases, etc. Recently, revascularization methods have been used to reduce the level of ischemic damage. In this review, we will briefly discuss the mechanism of cardiac injury and ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Keywords: Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury, Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion, Cardiovascular Injury