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May 2016

Original Article

A Study of Distal Sensory Nerves in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Asymptomatic Type 2 DM

Halil Ay1 , Yılmaz İnanç2 , Suna Sarıkaya Ay3 , Yaşar Altun4 , Bahar Pehlivan5 , Yusuf İnanç1

1 Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, 2 Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, 3 Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Diyarbakır, 4 Neurology Clinic, Adıyaman Goverment Hospital, Adıyaman, 5 Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.86

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to determine the importance of Medial Plantar (MP), Dorsal Sural (DS) and Medial Dorsal Cutaneous (MDC) sensory nerve conduction studies in addition to the other routine electrophysiological studies performed in newly diagnosed Type II Diabetes Mellitus (DM) for diagnosing diabetic polyneuropathy (PNP) at an early stage. Material and Method: This study included a total of 35 patients aged less than 60 years with newly diagnosed, untreated Type II Diabetes, and 30 healthy volunteers who applied to the Outpatient Clinic of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology at Şanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital and Harran University Faculty of Medicine Research and Application Hospital between April 2014 and August 2014. Results: Our study enrolled a total of 35 Type II Diabetes patients (20 females, 15 males) with a mean age of 47.22±8.15 years, and 30 healthy controls (17 females and 13 males) with a mean age of 49.30±6.56 years. The two groups did not significantly differ with respect to age and sex (p>0.05). MP, MDC, and DS sensory nerve conduction studies, performed additionally to the standard PNP protocol, revealed that the amplitudes and conduction velocities of each of the three nerves were significantly lower than those of the control group (p<0.01). Discussion: It is possible to diagnose diabetic PNP at an early, asymptomatic stage by studying sensory nerves conduction properties of MP, MDC, and DS in addition to the standard electrophysiological PNP protocol. Detection of PNP by these methods at an early stage may help taking measures to prevent progression into symptomatic PNP.

Keywords

Diabetic Polyneuropathy; Medial Plantar Nerve; Medial Dorsal Cutaneous Nerve; Dorsal Sural Nerve

Corresponding Author: Halil Ay, Nöroloji AD. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Gaziantep, Türkiye. GSM: +905306934206 E-Mail: ayhalil27@hotmail.com

How to cite this article: Halil Ay, Yılmaz İnanç, Suna Sarıkaya Ay, Yaşar Altun, Bahar Pehlivan, Yusuf İnanç. A Study of Distal Sensory Nerves in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Asymptomatic Type 2 DM. Eu Clin Anal Med 2016;4(2): 32-5.

 
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Computed Tomographic Based Determination with all Aspect of Spontaneous Passage of Ureteral Stone

Ibrahim Buldu1 , Mehmet Cetinkaya2 , Omer Kurt3 , Okan Istanbulluoglu1 , Türker Acar4 , Duran Efe4

1 Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Mevlana University, Konya, 2 Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Sıtkı Kocman University, Mugla, 3 Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, 4 Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mevlana University, Konya, Turkey

DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.87

Abstract

Aim: The objective of this study is to determine tomographic measurement parametres that are effective on spontaneous passage (SP) of ureteral stones in patients who will undergo unenhanced multidetector computed tomographic examinations (MDCT). Material and Method: The patients who presented with complaints of renal colic to our clinic during 2013-2015 were retrospectively evaluated. The medical files of 813 patients were reviewed and the medical records of 331 cases who had undergone CT were examined. A total of 217 patients whose stone size was less than 10 mm were included in the study. The patients whose stones passed were included in Group 1, and those whose stones did not pass spontaneously were included in Group 2. Data about age and gender of the patients, location, laterality, history of spontaneous stone passage from the ipsilateral side, ureteroscopy, shock wave lithotripsy (SWL), anteroposterior (AP) diameter of the renal pelvis, diameter of the stone as measured on coronal and axial planes, stone volume, and average thickness of the renal parenchyma were evaluated. Parametres effecting passage of the stone were statistically analysed. Results: The mean age of the patients (female, n=152, and male, n=65) was 42.3 years. The patients had upper (n=73) and lower (n=144) ureteral stones. The median diameter of the renal pelvis (17.2 mm), stone diameter on the coronal plane (6.1 mm) and the axial plane (4.6 mm), and thickness of the renal parenchyma (20 mm) were measured. Statistical analysis revealed that the location, volume, diameter of the stone on the coronal and axial planes were influential factors on spontaneous stone passage. In logistic regression analysis, only the location of the stone and its diameter on the coronal plane were found to be independent effective factors on spontaneous stone passage. Discussion: In our study based on data retrieved from MDCT, the location and size of the stone were found to be independent factors affecting spontaneous stone passage. However, a surprising result is that the AP diameter of renal pelvis and renal parenchymal thickness, both of which are factors important for urologists, were not effective on SP.

Keywords

Ureteral Stone; Unenhanced Multidetector Computed Tomography; Spontaneous Passage

Corresponding Author: Ibrahim Buldu, Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Mevlana University, Konya, Turkey. GSM: +905054553123 F.: +90 3322411111 E-Mail: ibrahimbuldu@yahoo.com

How to cite this article: Ibrahim Buldu, Mehmet Cetinkaya, Omer Kurt, Okan Istanbulluoglu, Türker Acar, Duran Efe. Computed Tomographic Based Determination with all Aspect of Spontaneous Passage of Ureteral Stone. Eu Clin Anal Med 2016;4(2): 36-9.

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The Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Variant rs2070744 in Turkish Elite Athletes

Abdullah Cenikli1 , Ayşe Feyda Nursal2 , Akin Tekcan3 , Funda Demirtürk4 , Serbülent Yiğit5

1 Department of Couching, School of Physical Education and Sports, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, 2 Department of Medical Genetic, Giresun University, Giresun, 3 Faculty of Medicine, Ahi Evran University, Kirsehir, 4 Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, 5 Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey

DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.85

Abstract

Aim: Genetic variations have been associated with physical performance. The Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) gene variants have been widely studied in this context. The aim of the present study is to compare the T786C variant of the eNOS gene in Turkish elite athletes and control groups. Material and Method: DNA samples were obtained from 52 elite athletes (45 male, 7 female) and 60 control subjects (49 male, 11 female). The T-786C variant of the eNOS gene was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Results: TT, TC, CC genotypes of the T-786C variant of eNOS gene were observed in 40.0%, 48.3%, and 11.6% of control subjects and in 55.7%, 30.7% and 13.4% of elite athletes, respectively. There was not any statistically significant difference in genotype and allele frequencies of T-786C of the eNOS between the elite athlete and the control groups (p>0.05). Discussion: The present study demonstrated that the T-786C variant of the eNOS gene is not associated with study population but larger sample analyses are needed in different groups of elite athletes in order to substantiate these findings.

Keywords

Nitric Oxide Synthase; the T-786C; Variant; Elite Athletes

Corresponding Author: Akin Tekcan, Ahi Evran University, School of Health, Kirsehir, Turkey. GSM: +905055719646 E-Mail: akintekcan@hotmail.com

How to cite this article: Abdullah Cenikli, Ayşe Feyda Nursal, Akin Tekcan, Funda Demirtürk, Serbülent Yiğit. The Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Variant rs2070744 in Turkish Elite Athletes. Eu Clin Anal Med 2016;4(2): 29-31.

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The Evaluation of Bone Mineral Density in Patients with Thalassemia Major

 

Esra Akyüz Özkan1 , Zeynep Tuba Özdemir2 , Ayşe Neslin Akkoca3

1 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Bozok University, Yozgat, 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bozok University, Yozgat, 3 Iskenderun State Hospital, Hereditary Blood Disease Center, Hatay, Turkey

DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.82

Abstract

Aim: We aim to evaluate osteopathy in patients with thalassemia major (TM) by performing bone mineral densitometry (BMD) and biochemical indices and to emphasize preventive measures and the importance of early diagnosis of osteoporosis. Material and Method: 37 TM patients (18 female, 19 male) were included in the study. The age, gender, biochemical parameters were recorded. BMD was determined using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry from lumbar vertebrae. Z scores were calculated automatically by the device. According to Z scores; <-1 was normal, -1-2 was osteopenia, >-2 was considered as osteoporosis. Results: 9 patients’ Z scores (24.3%) were normal, 5 patients were osteopenic (13.5%), and 23 patients were osteoporotic (62.2%). In the osteoporotic group, parathyroid hormone (PTH) was low in 2 patients (5.4%) and vitamin D was deficient in 12 (32.4%) patients. Lumbar BMD was positively correlated with age (r=0.625, P=0.000), height (r = 0.759, P =0.000), weight (r=0.830, P=0.000), and BMI (r=0.730, P=0.000), and was negatively correlated with ALP (r=-0.422, P=0.010). In the osteopenic group, vitamin D was deficient in 2 patients (5.4%); all other biochemical parameters were within normal limits. Lumbar BMD was positively correlated with age (r=0.625, P=0.000), height (r=0.759, P=0.000), weight (r=0.830, P=0.000), and body mass index (BMI) (r=0.730, P= 0.000), and was negatively correlated with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (r= -0.422, P= 0.010). Discussion: Despite regular transfusions, osteopathy may occur at high rates in patients with thalassemia.

Keywords

Bone Mineral Density; Osteoporosis; Thalassemia Major

Corresponding Author: Esra Akyüz Özkan, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey. GSM: +905067026694 F.: +90 3542140612 E-Mail: uzdresra@gmail.com

How to cite this article: Esra Akyüz Özkan, Zeynep Tuba Özdemir, Ayşe Neslin Akkoca. The Evaluation of Bone Mineral Density in Patients with Thalassemia Major. Eu Clin Anal Med 2016;4(2): 24-8.

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Result of the Fixation of Tibial Shaft Fractures by the Inflatable Intramedullary Nail

 

Kürşat Gençer, Fırat Ozan, Kaan Gürbüz, Erdal Uzun, Mustafa Özyalçın, Eyyüp Sabri Öncel, Fuat Duygulu

Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey

DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.79

Abstract

The treatment strategy for tibial fractures differs with fracture location, displacement, soft tissue condition and comminution. Intramedullary nailing is considered the gold standard treatment for tibial fractures. In this study, the functional and radiographic results of tibial shaft fractures repaired with the inflatable intramedullary nail method were evaluated. From 2013 to 2015, 17 patients (10 males, 7 females; 8 right, 9 left; mean age 40.7 years) with closed tibial fractures repaired with inflatable intramedullary nails were assessed. The time from injury to surgery was an average of 2 days (range, 0–6 days). The mean time of hospital stay was 6 days (range, 2–19 days). The mean follow-up time was 15.4 months (range, 9–25 months). The mean time for patients to return to normal daily activities was 4.5 months (range, 4–6 months). The mean operation time was 47.5 min (range, 35–80 min). None of the patients had major perioperative or postoperative complications such as deep vein thrombosis, fat embolism, infection, or neurovascular complications except for the occurrence of delayed union in one patient. Only 4 patients had anterior knee pain and ankle pain during the early postoperative period. Inflatable intramedullary nails seem to be safe and effective in the treatment of tibial AO/OTA type A and B midshaft fractures.

Keywords

Inflatable Intramedullary Nail; Tibial Fractures; Expandable Nail; Surgery

Corresponding Author: Fırat Ozan, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kocasinan, Kayseri 38010, Turkey. T.: +90 3523368884 F.: +90 3523207313 E-Mail: firatozan9@gmail.com

How to cite this article: Kürşat Gençer, Fırat Ozan, Kaan Gürbüz, Erdal Uzun, Mustafa Özyalçın, Eyyüp Sabri Öncel, Fuat Duygulu. Result of the Fixation of Tibial Shaft Fractures by the Inflatable Intramedullary Nail. Eu Clin Anal Med 2016;4(2): 21-3.

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Evaluation of Case Reports for Contacts with Risk of Rabies-Samsun Sample

 

Onur Ozturk1 , Eylem Isik Uyar2

1 Department of Family Medicine, Atakum Community Health Center, 2 Department of Publich Health, Atakum Community Health Center, Samsun, Turkey

DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.78

Abstract

Aim: Turkey is an endemic area for rabies infection. The number of contact cases at risk of rabies has not decreased as quickly as expected. We investigated the one-year at-risk contacts observed in Samsun between January 1 and December 31, 2014. Material and Method: This is a retrospective, cross sectional study. Data were taken from at-risk contact report forms collected in public health institutions. Analyses were made on June 2015 using the SPSS 20.0 package software. Results: We analyzed 2892 cases, of whom 69.9% were male. The difference in median age by gender (m:27, f:32) is significant (p=0.000). More patients were found in the 10-19 age group (21.1%) than in any other group. 75.5% of the animals causing an at-risk contact were dogs; however, in Atakum, injuries were caused by cats at nearly two times the rate of other towns (p=0.000). At-risk contacts were observed most commonly in the spring (31.8%). Rate of females who take medication or have a diagnosed disease is nearly two times the rate in males (p=0.000). There was an extremity injury in 95.4% of the cases. Discussion: Stray dogs are a public health problem that must be addressed. Rabies infection can be prevented by vaccination and antiserum. Public health services should work in constant collaboration with other disciplines.

Keywords

Rabies; At-Risk Contacts; Turkey; Samsun; Dog

Corresponding Author: Onur Ozturk, Esenevler Mah. 319 Nolu Sokak No: 4/4 Atakum, Samsun, Türkiye. GSM: +905547536566 E-Mail: dr.onurozturk@yahoo.com

How to cite this article: Onur Ozturk, Eylem Isik Uyar. Evaluation of Case Reports for Contacts with Risk of RabiesSamsun Sample. Eu Clin Anal Med 2016;4(2): 16-20.

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Case Report

Stabbing Injury of the Forearm: A Case Report

Kaan Gürbüz, Erdal Uzun, Alper Çıraklı, Fırat Ozan, Fuat Duygulu

Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey

DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.83

Abstract

Foreign body injuries are common injuries and foreign body penetrations may occur in almost any part of the body. In the literature there are many reports including different kinds of piercing or penetrating injuries of the extremities. In this paper we report the case of a 19-year-old man who presented with a knife retained in the forearm and our treatment strategy for removing the knife. We informed our patient and took the consent form before the submission for publication.

Keywords

Penetrating Injuries; Stab Wound; Extremity

Corresponding Author: Erdal Uzun, Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Kliniği, Kayseri Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Kayseri, Türkiye. GSM: +905072117999 E-Mail: nuzuladre@gmail.com

How to cite this article: Kaan Gürbüz, Erdal Uzun, Alper Çıraklı, Fırat Ozan, Fuat Duygulu. Stabbing Injury of the Forearm: A Case Report. Eu Clin Anal Med 2016;4(2): 62-4.

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Case Report; Late Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Deniz Erdem1 , Pakize Özçiftci Yılmaz1 , Belgin Akan1 , Özgür Karakurt2 , Işıl Özkoçak Turan1

1 Intensive Care Clinic, 2 Thoracic Surgery Clinic, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.65

Abstract

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia is a progression into chest of abdominal organs depends on diaphragmatic defect during fetal development. Prevalence is 1 / 2500-3000 of live births. The most common seen hernia is Bochdalek (90%). In this presentation, late congenital diaphragmatic hernia is described in a patient treatment and follow-up process. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia is a congenital malformation manifested by diaphragmatic hernia, pulmonary hypoplasia and abdominal organ changes. The most common accepted theory of etiology is a problem in the closure of pleuroperitoneal canal. Left-sided hernias which are seen after puberty is rare. Our case is one of them. In conclusion, although the frequency of late congenital diaphragmatic hernia is 0.17–12 %, it is a clinical situation that may be encountered in intensive care practice. It must therefore be kept in mind.

Keywords

Diaphragmatic Hernia; Congenital; Bochdalek

Corresponding Author: Pakize Özçiftci Yılmaz, Yoğun Bakım Kliniği, Ankara Numune Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Ankara, Türkiye. GSM: +905063006761 E-Mail: drpakize@gmail.com

How to cite this article: Deniz Erdem, Pakize Özçiftci Yılmaz, Belgin Akan, Özgür Karakurt, Işıl Özkoçak Turan. Case Report; Late Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia. Eu Clin Anal Med 2016;4(2): 43-6.

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Placenta Previa Percreta with Bladder Invasion: Ultrasound and MRI Findings

Burcak Cakir Pekoz, Zafer Koc, Gurcan Erbay, Elif Karadeli

Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Adana, Turkey

DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.64

Abstract

Placenta previa percreta is an abnormal placental implantation due to decidual deficiency. Placenta previa percreta with invasion of the urinary bladder is an uncommon and serious condition if not recognized before delivery. We report color Doppler ultrasound (CDUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in two cases of placenta previa percreta with bladder invasion. Both cases presented with sudden painless vaginal bleeding and had previous cesarean delivery. CDUS and MRI findings are helpful for the prenatal diagnosis of plasenta previa percreta with invasion of the urinary bladder to prevent perinatal complications with this condition.

Keywords

Color Doppler Ultrasound; Bladder Invasion; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Placenta Percreta

Corresponding Author: Elif Karadeli, Baskent Universitesi Adana Uyg. ve Araşt. Merkezi, Dadaloglu Mah. 2591 Sok. No: 4/A 01250 Yüregir, Adana, Turkey. T.: +90 3223272727-1025 F.: +90 3223271270 E-Mail: elifkaradeli@gmail.com

How to cite this article: Burcak Cakir Pekoz, Zafer Koc, Gurcan Erbay, Elif Karadeli. Placenta Previa Percreta with Bladder Invasion: Ultrasound and MRI Findings. Eu Clin Anal Med 2016;4(2): 40-2.

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Baclofen Intoxication in a Patient with Chronic Renal Failure

Zeynep Özözen Ayas1, Ruhsen Öncel Öcal2, Ayhan Bölük1

1 Neurology, Sakarya University Training and Research Hospital, Sakarya, 2 Neurology, Baskent University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.68

Abstract
Baclofen is a derivative of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), is used in the treatment of spasticity. Baclofen toxicity can cause muscle flaccidity, severe respiratory depression, seizure, coma, bradycardia/tachcardia, or hypotension/hypertension. We report on a 60-year-old female patient with chronic renal failure who presented with stupor due to baclofen intoxication in spite of low dosage.

Keywords
Baclofen Intoxication, Chronic Renal Failure, Impaired Consciousnes

Corresponding Author: Zeynep Özözen Ayas, Nöroloji Bölümü, Sakarya Üniversitesi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Adapazarı, Sakarya, Türkiye. T.: +90 2642759192 GSM: +905059039605 E-Mail: zozozen@hotmail.com

How to cite this article: Zeynep Özözen Ayas, Ruhsen Öncel Öcal, Ayhan Bölük. Baclofen Intoxication in a Patient with Chronic Renal Failure. Eu Clin Anal Med 2016;4(2): 47-9.

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Gluteal Compartment Syndrome Secondary to Traumatic Rupture of Gluteus Maximus

Şemmi Koyuncu1, Fırat Ozan2, Kaan Gürbüz2

1 Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Bayburt State Hospital, Bayburt, 2 Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey

DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.73

Abstract
Which will result in impairment of interstitial microvascular closed osseofasyal areas of compartment syndrome is defined as the increase in pressure and forearm injuries of the lower extremities are the most common. In terms of the gluteal compartment syndrome is an extremely rare in the region in the region. Compartment syndrome secondary to muscle or tendon rupture has been reported rarely. In this study, we developed a traumatic gluteal compartment syndrome secondary to rupture of the gluteus maximus muscle presented a case.

Keywords
Compartment Syndrome; Gluteal Region; Surgery

Corresponding Author: Şemmi Koyuncu, Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Kliniği, Bayburt Devlet Hastanesi, Şingah Mh., İbni Sina Cad. No:25, Merkez, Bayburt, Türkiye. T.: +90 4582119191 E-Mail: semmi2446@gmail.com

How to cite this article: Şemmi Koyuncu, Fırat Ozan, Kaan Gürbüz. Gluteal Compartment Syndrome Secondary to Traumatic Rupture of Gluteus Maximus. Eu Clin Anal Med 2016;4(2): 50-2.

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The Treatment of Stuttering with Hypnosis: A Case Report

Betül Battaloğlu İnanç

Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey

DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.75

Abstract
Although the cause of stuttering is unknown, genetic, psychosocial stres factors, having obsessive personality or low-self-esteem, central nervous system anomalities, being first child in family are risk factors. In this study, it was aimed to treat stuttering with hypnotherapy that the boy was fourteen years old.

Keywords
Conscious Hypnosis; Stuttering; Brain

Corresponding Author: Betül Battaloğlu İnanç, Family Medicine Department, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Faculty of Medicine, Muğla, Turkey. E-Mail: betulbattaloglu00@gmail.com

How to cite this article: Betül Battaloğlu İnanç. The Treatment of Stuttering with Hypnosis: A Case Report. Eu Clin Anal Med 2016;4(2): 53-4.

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Removal of the Coil Applied by Bronchoscopy for Emphysema Treatment by Means of Thoracoscopy

Bayram Metin1, Şener Yıldırım1, Yavuz Selim İntepe2

1 Thoracic Surgery Department, 2 Chest Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey

DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.77

Abstract
Multiple medical, surgical and bronchoscopic procedures have been applied until today for the treatment of emphysema described as abnormal and permanent enlargement of the distal airways. It has failed in some cases, and some serious complications have been experienced in some of them. Although there have been various articles about the benefits of the endobronchial volume reducing operations in the literature, there are no sufficient data about the emergent complications. Here, we present a case in which we have performed endobronchial coil application by bronchoscopy, and the coil has been removed by thoracoscopy because of pneumothorax caused by migrating to the pleural cavity.

Keywords
Endobronchial Coil; Emphysema; Complications; Thoracoscopy.

Corresponding Author: Bayram Metin, Thoracic Surgery Department, Bozok University, Faculty of Medicine, 66200, Yozgat, Turkey. GSM: +905072385361 E-Mail: drbaymet@hotmail.com

How to cite this article: Bayram Metin, Şener Yıldırım, Yavuz Selim İntepe. Removal of the Coil Applied by Bronchoscopy for Emphysema Treatment by Means of Thoracoscopy. Eu Clin Anal Med 2016;4(2): 55-7.

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Epstein Barr Virus Induced Thrombosis

Can Hüzmeli¹, Ferhan Candan¹, Demet Alaygut², Sinan Soylu³, Mansur Kayataş¹

¹Department of Nephrology, ²Department of Pediatric Nephrology, ³Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey

DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.80

Abstract
Epstein Barr virus (EBV), which may develop at any age, is a common infection of childhood and young adulthood. EBV is transmitted by oropharyngeal secretions, close contact, blood, and by contaminated articles. Clinically, it is characterized by fever, sore throat, fatigue, and generalized lymphadenopathy. EBV-associated thrombosis has rarely been reported, mostly in immunocompromised patients. In this paper, we report on a 46-year old male admitted with fatigue, lack of appetite, and abdominal pain. In our case, chronic active EBV-triggered superior mesentericvein thrombosiswas detected; factor V leiden mutationwas found. The patient was operated on for mesenteric ischemia. Recurrent acute kidney injury (AKI) developed due to short bowel syndrome. AKI was treated with fluid and electrolyte replacement. In this article, we present an immunocompetent patient with
superior mesentericvein thrombosis and hereditary thrombophilia

Keywords
Epstein Barr Virus; Thrombosis; Acute Kidney Injury

Corresponding Author: Can Hüzmeli, Department of Nephrology, Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey. T.: +90 3462581368 E-Mail: chuzmeli@hotmail.com

How to cite this article: Can Hüzmeli, Ferhan Candan, Demet Alaygut, Sinan Soylu, Mansur Kayataş. Epstein Barr Virus Induced Thrombosis. Eu Clin Anal Med 2016;4(2): 58-61.

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Multiple calluses on the Plantar Surface of the Foot

Alper Çıraklı1, Erdal Uzun1, Yakup Ekinci2, İsmail Büyükceran3, Mustafa Deveci1

1 Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, 2 Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, Kayseri Develi Government Hospital, Kayseri, 3 Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey

DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.88

Abstract
The plantar area is different from other parts of the skin because its unique structure is resistant to external stress from physical activities. However, hyperkeratotic local skin thickening due to standing for long periods of time, recurrent minor traumas, unsuitable shoe choice, or bone deformity is called a callus. This condition, which is seen in more than 78% of the population, is more frequent in older populations. Calluses may cause workload loss, difficulty in carrying out daily activities, and falls by causing pain and difficulty in walking. There are various methods of treatment and these methods vary depending on the characteristics of the condition. This study is the case report of a 67-year-old female patient who had multiple calluses on one foot.

Keywords
Callus; Foot; Plantar; Multiple

Corresponding Author: Alper Çıraklı, Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Kliniği, Kayseri Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Kayseri, Türkiye. GSM: +905052518823 E-Mail: alperomu@gmail.com

How to cite this article: Alper Çıraklı, Erdal Uzun, Yakup Ekinci, İsmail Büyükceran, Mustafa Deveci. Multiple calluses on the Plantar Surface of the Foot. Eu Clin Anal Med 2016;4(2): 65-7.

 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of the license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Review Article

An Overview of Pulmonary Manifestations in Sickle Cell Disease

Ramazan Öcal

Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey

DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.84

Abstract

The increased survival of patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) into adulthood leads an increased incidence of multiorgan dysfunction. The lung is one of the most common organs that may be involved in SCD. The pulmonary manifestations of SCD are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients. Although pulmonary manifestations of SCD are very common, they remain underdiagnosed by clinicians. The main pulmonary manifestations of SCD are acute chest syndrome, chronic dyspnea, asthma, sleep-disordered breathing, acute and chronic venous thromboembolic disease, pulmonary hypertension, and pulmonary fibrosis. Herein, the current knowledge of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of pulmonary manifestations of SCD are reviewed.

Keywords

Sickle Cell Disease; Pulmonary Manifestation; Acute Chest Syndrome

Corresponding Author: Ramazan Öcal, Department of Hematology, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey. GSM: +905534061356 E-Mail: drocal@gmail.com

How to cite this article: Ramazan Öcal. An Overview of Pulmonary Manifestations in Sickle Cell Disease. Eu Clin Anal Med 2016;4(2): 68-70.

 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of the license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Letters to Editor

Writing on the Water is Hypnosis. Highlighting the Power of Words

Betul Battaloglu Inanc

Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey

DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.76

To the editor:
Mevlana Celaleddin-i Rumi is the greatest Anatolian philosopher in Turkish culture, he says, ‘‘If you think of roses, you are a rose garden; If you think of thorns, you are fuel for the furnace’’. Words are an expression of the soul. And the condition of our soul is very likely to have an enormous impact on the water that composes as much as 70 percent of our body, and this impact will in no small way affect our bodies [1]. How could be possible? We start out of life being 99 percent water, as fetuses. When we are born, we are 90 percent water, and by the time were reach adulthood we are down to 70 percent. In other words, throughout our lives we exist mostly as water. From a physical perspective, humans are water. Modern researchers have shown that the condition of the mind has a direct impact on condition of the body [1]. Words impact on the water. In fact we affect the water and water affect us. Music, words, love, behaviour affect, our water and its crystals. For instance, chronic pain stimuli and intense pain have effects at a cellular and/or gene expression level, and will eventually induce cellular memory due to pain [2]. Or particular DNA methylation states that are associated with brain function during emotion processing are detectable in the periphery [3]. Hypnosis has long been an elusive concept for science due to the lack of objective neurobiological markers of the state of trance, but the relentless advances in neuroscience in the last few decades have opened up a ‘‘ bridge of knowlodge’’ between the classic neurophysiological studies and psychophysiological studies of cognitive, emotinol, and sensory systems [4]. Under the conscious hypnosis, we are only talking to our patients. In fact we are talking to water and affect water. Because brain contents 75 percent water. If we look from the perspective of quantum physics, it is entanglement [5]. Rumi says, ‘‘You are not a drop in the ocean. You are the entire ocean in a drop.’’

References
1. Masaru E. The hidden messages in water. Korea. Beyond Words Publishing; 2004. pXV-I.
2. Narita M, Watanabe M, Hamada Y, Tamura H, İkegami D, Kuzumaki N, et al. Pain and emotional dysregulation: Cellular memory due to pain. Nikon Shinkei Seishin Yakurigaku Zasshi 2015;35(4): 89-95.
3. Frodl T, Szyf M, Carbelledo A, Ly V, Dymov S, Vaisheva F, et al. DNA methylation of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) is associated with brain function involved in processing emotional stimuli. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2015;40(5):296-305.
4. Benedittis de G. Neural mechanism of hypnosis and mediation. J Physiol 2015; DOI:10.1016/j.jphysparis.2015.11.001.
5. Fisher P. Local, entangledorboth? Homeopathy 2013;102(2):85-6.

Corresponding Author: Betul Battaloglu Inanc, Family Medicine Department, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Faculty of Medicine, Muğla, Turkey. T.: +90 2522141326-28 F.: +90 2522111345 E-Mail: betulbattaloglu00@gmail.com

How to cite this article: Betul Battaloglu Inanc. Writing on the Water is Hypnosis. Highlighting the Power of Words. Eu Clin Anal Med 2016;4(2): DOI: 10.4328/ECAM.76

 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of the license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/